Black gold is a term for oil or petroleum-black because of its appearance when it comes out of the ground, and gold because it made prospectors, drillers, and oil industry men rich. The oil industry in the United States began in 1859 when retired railroad conductor Edwin L. Drake (1819-1880) drilled a well near Titusville, Pennsylvania. His drill, powered by …

In astronomy, black energy is a hypothetical form of energy that permeates all of space and tends to increase the rate of expansion of the universe. Black energy currently accounts for 73% of the total mass-energy of the universe. Black energy has been used as a crucial ingredient in a recent attempt to formulate a cyclic model for the universe. …

It’s the concentration of pollutant like chloromethyl mercury in the ecological food chain. Any substance more soluble in tissue than the surrounding media has the tendency to concentrate in the food chain of more complex biological species that live on simpler biological species. So, in a nutshell, bio-amplification occurs when concentrations of toxins are passed on from smaller prey to …

If you thought that the clock in the tower of the Houses of Parliament in London was called Big Ben, you would be wrong. The tower itself is called St. Stephen’s Tower, while the clock is called the Westminster clock, and it is the bell that strikes the hour which is called Big Ben. This bell weighs thirteen tons. So …

Bibliotherapy is an expressive therapy that uses an individual’s relationship to the content of books and poetry and other written words as therapy. Bibliotherapy is often combined with writing therapy. Bibliotherapy is an old concept in library science. In the US it is documented as dating back to the 1930s. Bibliotherapy consists of the selection of reading material, for a …

Bee dancing is the circling and wagging movements made by worker bees to give other bees in the hive information about the location of a new source of food. Bees dance in a particular area in the comb: the dance floor. They perform a waggle dance, indicating that food is farther away, while the round dance indicates the food is …

It is a branch of physics concerned with how baryons were originally formed. Baryons are a family of subatomic particles and, like other subatomic particles, have their opposite category called anti-baryons. Interestingly, baryons outnumber antibaryons, thus giving rise to a lot of residual matter in the universe. Physicists believe the asymmetry between baryons and anti-baryons must have been caused by …

Balata is a variety of non-elastic rubber obtained from the latex of the tropical tree known by the botanical name Manilkara bidentata. The trees are spread mainly in South America. Balata is used extensively in the manufacture of golf-ball covers and machine belts.

Balance is what keeps us upright, although we tend to take it for granted unless we are standing on a swaying bus or crossing a narrow bridge. But how do we know when we are upright? The answer lies in our ears in three small tubes called semi-circular canals. These canals are filled with liquid and they act very much …

A point of the horizon and a circle extending to it from the zenith; or an arc of the horizon measured clockwise between the south-point of the horizon and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object. An azimuth is an angular measurement in a spherical coordinate system. The vector from an observer (origin) to a point of …