When spring water passes through rocks containing different type of minerals, it absorbs them during its underground flow. Generally the water of all the springs contains some kind of minerals. When there is abnormal amount of mineral in any spring water, it is called ‘Mineral Spring’. When the water of any spring comes into contact with hot rocks, it also …

True to their ominous appearance, mammatus clouds are often harbingers of a coming storm. Composed primarily of ice, they can extend for hundreds of miles in each direction and individual formations can remain visibly static for 10-15 minutes at a time. While they may appear foreboding, they are merely the messengers. As upward draughts carry precipitation enriched air to the …

The German scientist Paul Ehrlich, considered the father of chemotherapy, originally coined the term magic bullet in the 19th century to refer to arsenic containing chemicals that showed the remarkable ability to cure syphilis — a sexually transmitted disease. He proposed the seminal idea that each disease must be treated with a chemical specific for that disease. His greatest contribution …

These are the lines you will drawn on a globe, running from east to west or north to south. Latitude the line drawn halfway between the poles is called the equator. Other lines parallel to the equator are called parallels, or lines of latitude. They are measured north and south of the equator (0° latitude) to the poles (90° North …

It’s a tree, and as the name implies, an ironwood is an extremely dense hardwood. The ironwood tree is an evergreen and grows only in the Sonoran Desert, and can live for over 1,000 years. Its wood is very hard and very heavy, and doesn’t rot easily.

They are substances produces in the endocrine glands, which regulate many of the functions of the body, like growth, metabolism, and reproduction. They are very complex chemical substances.

It seems a strange name but some of these fishes really look like a hatchet or chopper. They are very thin fishes, flattened from side to side. The front half of their body is very deep and shaped like a blade. There are two groups of hatchet fishes, one that lives in the sea and one that lives in fresh …

You have probably been told about the huge masses of ice that exist at the north and south poles today. You may also h., have heard that thousands of years ago great tongues of ice stretched southward from the north as far as Britain and northern Europe, and that millions of years before many of countries of the southern hemisphere …

Each galaxy has billions of stars. Such galaxies are not uniformly spaced in the universe but exist in groups and clusters; a group containing up to 40-50 galaxies and clusters containing about thousands of galaxies. These along with isolated galaxies may form larger clusters known as galactic superclusters. These are the largest structures of matter found in the universe. Our …

Fossils are the petrified remains of living things. There are three types of fossil, and each type is useful in telling us how creatures lived millions of years ago. The first type of fossil is part of the body of the creature, usually the hard part of the body like the shell or the skeleton, which is preserved as it …