Kids Encyclopedia

System of government: Republic Capital: Nicosia (Levkosia) is capital of Greek Cyprus; Limassol is capital of Turkish Cyprus Location: In the eastern Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey. Area: 9,251 sq km National Composition: Greek Cypriots (78%), Turkish Cypriots (18%), small numbers of Armenians, British and others Religion: Orthodox Church of Cyprus; Islam Official Language: Turkish, Greek Currency: Cyprus Pound = 1,o00 mils Administrative Divisions: Greek and Turkish Zones …

System of government: Republic Capital: Damascus (Esh Sham, Damas) Location: In south-western Asia on the Mediterranean Sea coast; the region is traditionally known as the Levant. Syria has borders with Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan and Iraq. Area: 185,190 sq km. National Composition: Arabs (88%), Kurds (6%), Armenians and other minorities Religion: Islam Official Language: Arabic Currency: Syrian pound = 100 piasters Administrative Divisions: 14 administrative districts, …

System of government: Monarchy Capital: Amman Location: In south-western Asia, Jordan shares borders with Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Syria Area: 97,940 sq km National composition: Mostly Arabs; Circassian, Armenian and Kurdish minorities Religion: Islam Official language: Arabic Currency: Dinar = 1,000 fils Administrative divisions: 8 districts, including the capital Other major cities: Zarqa, Irbid Highest elevation: Jebel Ram (1,754 …

System of government: Republic Capital: Jerusalem Location: On the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, Israel has borders with Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt Area: 20, 770 sq km National composition: Jews (90%), Arabs (many Palestinian Arabs live in various Arab nations) Religions: Judaism , Islam, Christianity Official languages: Herbrew, Arabic Currency: Shekel = 100 new agora Administrative divisions: 6 …

System of government: Republic Capital: Aden Location: On the coast of the Gulf of Aden, in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula. The Yemen People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) has borders with Saudi Arabia, Oman and the Yemen Arab Republic. The country also includes the islands of Kamaran and Perim in the Red Sea, and the island of Socotra in …

System of government: Emirate Capital: Doha (Dauha) Location: On the Qatar Peninsula which projects into the Persian Gulf from the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Qatar has borders with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Area: 11,000 sq km National composition: Mostly Arabs, with immigrants from other Arab countries Religion: Islam Official language: Arabic Currency: Qatar riyal = …

System of government: Sultante Capital: Muscat Location: In the south-eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula, Oman has borders with the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and the Yemen PDR Area: 212,457 sq km National composition: Arabs (90%), Indian, Pakistani and Iranian minorities Religion: Islam Official language: Arabic Currency: Oman riyal =1,000 baiza Administrative divisions: 10 provinces Other major cities: Metrah …

System of government: Sheikhdom Capital: Manama Location: A group of islands in the Gulf of Bahrain (part of the Persian Gulf) off the coast of Saudi Arabia Area: 622 sq km National composition: Arabs Religion: Islam Official language: Arabic Currency: Bahrain dinar = 1,000 fils Climate: Hot and arid Bahrain’s economy is based entirely on oil, although revenue from oil …

System of government: Republic Capital: Baghdad Location: Iraq has a short coastline on the Persian Gulf in the south-east. It is bounded by Turkey to the north, Iran to the north-east, Kuwait to the south-east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and Jordan and Syria to the west Area: 434,924 sq km National composition: Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Armenians, Iranians, Turks Religion: …

System of government: Republic Capital: Tehran Location: In south-western Asia, Iran is bounded by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, the USSR to the north, and Iraq and Turkey to the west Area: 1,648,000 sq km National composition: Persian (Farsi), roughly two-thirds of the population; one-fourth Turki, some Kurds …